CH14 Muscles and Bones

NOTE:  The purpose of this post is to model different ways that students can answer a question.  More complete answers earn more points on the test.  I have taken the open ended questions from the Review Page and answered them in different ways.  The last answer is always the better answer and the first, although not wrong... is not complete.  Let's strive for completeness!   :)

8th graders: Precision Neatness

 
Ch 14 Review of Body organization,

Muscles, & Bones.

1.  Describe the relationship between cells, tissues, organs and organ systems:

Answer 1: Cells that all work together.

Answer 2: Cells make up tissues, tissues make up organs and organs make up organ systems.

Answer 3: When there is a group of the same type of cells it is called a tissue.  When tissues work together to do one thing, it is an organ.  When organs work together to do one thing they are an organ system.

2.  List 9 of the 11 organ systems of the body

3.  Explain how the lymphatic system works in roughly two sentences.

Answer 1: It sucks plasma from the body

Answer 2: Plasma leaks from the smaller blood vessels called capillaries.  The plasma goes between the body cells in that area.  The Lymphatic system sucks the extra plasma from the area and returns it to the blood.

4.  What is one disease that affects the Lymphatic system and what is a symptom?

5.  What does the endocrine system do?  How does it relate, yet differ from the nervous system?

Answer 1: It releases adrenaline which gives energy

Answer 2: It releases hormones that communicate with the body.

Answer 3: It releases hormones to communicate with the body.  The affects can last for hours or days.  The nervous system also communicates with the body through the nerves.  The nervous system works more quickly, but the effects do not last as long.

6.  Label 12 of the human bones. (see image)

7.  What are three parts of a bone?

8.  What is the disease called that results in too many/too large holes in the bones?

9.  What can be done to prevent it? (2 things)

10.         Label 8 of 12 muscle groups. (see image)

11.         What are the three types of muscles and give an example of where each is found.

12.         Explain the two benefits of stretching before exercise.

Answer 1: It prevents injury and soreness

Answer 2: Stretching brings blood to the muscle cells.  The blood carries oxygen which allows the cells to produce energy without the soreness (that from lactic acid).  The blood also warms the muscle allowing it to stretch well and resist injury