CH 14 Review - Oceans, Part 2

Ch 14   Ocean Zones

WS #1

1.    Make a timeline of Ocean exploration.  Include 4 people/groups that we have discussed.

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1000 BC                 1AD                                    1492       1769                  1872

Phoenicians             Polynesians                     Columbus                         HMS Challenger

*Mediterranean      *Pacific                           *Atlantic                              

                                                                                       Captain Cook

                                                                                        *Pacific

2.    Which group discovered 4,000 new organisms?   HMS Challenger

3.    Which group explored while Jesus was on Earth?       Polynesians

4.    How did people measure the ocean’s depth before electricity?   By dropping a weighted rope into the water and measuring the length when it hit the bottom.

5.    What is it like deep in the ocean?  Cold, dark, high pressure

6.    What does SCUBA stand for? Self Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus

7.    How does SONAR work?  Sound waves are sent out and bounce off something and return to the sender.  The length of time the sound took to return tells the Sonar how far away the object is.

8.    Draw a rough sketch of the ocean floor and label these parts: (#6) Mid Ocean Ridge, (#3)Continental slope, (#2) Continental shelf, an island, (#4 & #5) the abyssal plain, (7)a deep ocean trench

9.    There are three main zones of the Ocean and each has its own type of habitats.  Illustrate the three zones and then list 2 habitats that are found in each zone.  **NOTE: Oceanic Zone is the OPEN OCEAN Zone in our book.

                     Intertidal Habitats             Neritic Hab.               Open Ocean

                      1. mangroves                     1.   kelp forest              1.  surface zone

                      2. tidal pools                      2.  Coral Reefs             2. transition zone

                      3.  salt water marshes                                             3. deep ocean zone

10. Animal life can be put in three groups in the Ocean.  List each and describe it.

a.    __plankton____ = __animal and plant life that floats with the current_______

b.    __nekton____ = ____animal life that can swim about freely______

c.    __benthos____ = ____bottom dwellers___________________

11. Give me two examples of Benthos:  sponges, octopi

12. Which of the Ocean zones has these characteristics: sunlight, a steady supply of nutrients and large plantlike algae can grow to give shelter and nutrients?  ____Neritic Zone_____________

13. Which of the Ocean zones is divided into 3 parts?  The Open Ocean Zone

14. What are those three parts?  Describe them.

a.    __surface zone___ = ___Goes as far as the light________

b.    __Transition zone___ = ___from bottom of surface zone to 1Km down___

c.    __Deep Ocean Zone_ = __Coldest, darkest, highest pressure, from 1Km to bottom____

15.  Where are hydrothermal vents found? Be specific about which zone.  They are found in the Deep Ocean zone near the M.O.R.

16. Name 2 living resources from the ocean and what they are used for.

a.    ___Algae can be found in ice cream and tooth paste_______________________

b.    ___Diatoms are used to create the scrubbing granules used in some cleaners____

17. Name 3 non-living resources we get from the ocean.

a.    ___sea salt______________________________

b.    ___desalinated water________________________________

c.    ____sand and gravel____________________________

18. List two specific things that harm the ocean.

a.    _____dumping used motor oil______________________________

b.    _____Plastics that gather at the garbage patches______________________